Phractolaemus ansorgii (Hingemouth)

(Source: Fishbase, 2019)

Scientific Name: Phractolaemus ansorgii

Common Name: Hingemouth

Genus: Phractolaemus

Species: ansorgii

Ijaw Name: Okuwon

Family: Phractolaemidae

Habitat: Lakes,ponds

Gear Type: Fishing Traps

Season of Occurrence: Dry season

Description: The African mudfish, is unique among African freshwater fish due to its family, Phractolaemidae, which includes only this species. Typically found in slow-moving and stagnant waters in tropical regions of Africa, particularly in the Congo Basin and West Africa, it has evolved various adaptations to thrive in low-oxygen environments. One notable feature of African mudfish is its modified swim bladder with alveoli, which enables it to breathe air when oxygen levels in the water are low. This species has an elongated body, cycloid scales, and a specialized mouth structure; it has only two teeth located in the lower jaw, which are useful for its diet of detritus and small invertebrates. Its maximum length reaches around 18 cm, and it exhibits a low activity level suitable for environments with limited oxygen. This species plays an essential role in its ecosystem and can be an indicator of environmental health due to its sensitivity to water quality.